Gothic Style Architecture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gothic Style Architecture - Research Paper Example (White, 1993) The style is considered to be classical to some extent because it is prominent before the renaissance period came in. At the same time, it originated and had several modifications that were derived from the Romanesque Architecture. (Athena Publications, 1996) This style flourished during the Middle Ages, also known as Dark Ages. The most prominent and influential powers are the Church and the King. Feudal System flourished as well. In most cases, religion has a strong say about what happens in the society back then. However, Gothic period is also reflective of the low status of art during those times. (Thomas, 2000) Most of the Tribes of Goths, Vandals and the like had an intention of eliminating the Greco-Roman culture. (Thomas, 2000) Gothic Architecture was preceded by the Romanesque Architectural which also had arches and several huge domes. To some perspective, the Romanesque style influenced the way Gothic architecture presented itself in history. Mostly, the Roman esque Architecture had its traditions and conventions derived from the Greco-Roman Architectural style. (Athena Publications, 1996) Given that case, we cannot fully consider Gothic art and architecture as something that is highly valued. It’s dark stigma and stereotype manifests the dark period where it is confined and existed. However, despite of its depreciation from the people during that period, specifically the tribes, this downfall period is reflective of the exchange of light and dark art periods: Classical to Renaissance then to Baroque. (Thomas, 2000) Classical is more of dark, emotional themes and style in contrast to Renaissance which is more humanist and scientific. The Baroque which also values shadow and emotions are somehow related to the dark style the perpetrated the Classical or Gothic art and architecture period. What ultimately constitutes the conventions and technical aspects of the Gothic Architectural design? The Gothic Architecture is commonly known to have â€Å"specific structural elements, such as ribbed vaults, pointed arches, and the flying buttress.† (Kidson, 2011) Ribbed Vaults showed the ceiling structure that is somehow seen like a dome on the inside with intricate designs that are supported by the columns. (Athena Publications, 1996) These vaults provided a spacious ceiling that made the Gothic buildings spacious and huge not just outside but also inside. The pointed arches, on the other hand, are viewed on the external of these buildings. On the bare minimum, these arches contributed to the spacious appearance that is working in unison with the vaulted arches on the inside. At the same the arches also reflected the extravagance of the Gothic architecture. The flying buttresses have provided a different role in the existence of the Gothic Architecture. They are actually supporting the other structures of the Gothic Church, mainly the vault. (Athena Publications, 1996) They are usually attached to walls and act as a support to the vaults of the Gothic buildings. To some extent, they provide more spacious ceiling appearance. Even if Gothic Architecture has a certain specific style, several styles of it emanated depending on a specific geographical domain. All of them are relatively the same, however, the French, Italian and English Gothic Architectural design asserted their own identity. France is considered to be the birthplace of this architectural movement. At the same time, there was a strong

City of Mount Rainier Essay Example for Free

City of Mount Rainier Essay Neither does the department of Economic Development for the City of Mount Rainier handle nor is it involved with any matrix of the pricing strategy. As the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2006 stated on production, packaging and pricing, production cycle involves a flow from the dealers, employees and customers automatically between the functional areas and internationally. Reduced ‘product to market’ cycle meant to ensure full and on time delivery to customers keeps a business on track by reducing errors, inefficiencies and high running costs. However, the City does offer a mix of products solely based on promoting development of blighted or under used parcels. Thus, it is critical that any incentive or business assistance be directed to accomplish the marketing objectives of the City of Mount Rainier. For example, the city will offer or sponsor Tax Increment Financing, State grants or Infrastructure Grants to developers to increase interest and make the area more attractive. This is very necessary for the City to be able to compete with other local municipalities and the District of Columbia, making it imperative for the City to use incentives for redevelopment of the downtown business district. Especially considering that the addition of businesses will create higher paying jobs, large capital investment, tourism and greater benefits to the local community. With this in mind, its primary objective is to add to the diversity of the current business population, increase essential tax base in the area, and pursue the highest quality of jobs and investment by providing an overall balanced approach to economic development for the City. Organizations channel design. A good organizations’ channel design enables exchange of information and ideas with external or outsourced personnel such as financial assistants, engineers, designers, and other partners. It is a system that provides solutions including help to speed up development processes and enhance further future improvements in efficiency With this the City of Mount Rainier can be able to streamline the entire value chain, including all key suppliers, subcontractors, and service providers. The system platform raises transparency of production processes, permitting them to identify potential problems at an early stage, and to take immediate action. According to Kotler and Keller (2008), â€Å" a marketing channel performs the work of moving products from producers to consumers, overcoming the time, place, and possession gaps that separate goods and services from those that want them† (p. 232). The Department of Economic Development for the City of Mount Rainier employs a two –level channel of marketing with at least two intermediaries. The City’s intermediately roles are that of an agent and facilitator. Attracting entrepreneurs and private investment opportunities is the primary goal of economic development in the City of Mount Rainier. As for the Department of Economic Development, the greatest aspiration is to turn around Mount Rainier, making the City one of the best places in the world in which to start a profession or grow a business. The department is working to reposition Mount Rainier as the next great American city for business investment and economic opportunity. This entails employing a balanced attack with corresponding efforts to improve business development, while pursuing transformative public policy changes planned to enhance the magnetism of Mount Rainier as a place in which to invest. On the other hand, an integrated logistics system consists of materials management, material flow systems, and although the City of Mount Rainier does not use such a system as a tool for economic development, A fully integrated accurate unit tracking system is a critical component of modern customer relations and service that is in use, and it is also important for inventory and cost control. Just like integrated logistics system, it monitors all the key movements of goods and services in any transaction. Tracking of the way financial agreements are facilitated for business assistance is important because the gathered data is useful for financial analysis. In support of business analysis, the system ought to have a tool that provides the reporting intelligently. (OECD, 2006) Business information across all assistants can be automatically converted into business intelligence reports benchmarking the performance of the business transactions. At the same time analysis on dealerships can show the best business practices for individual or the group of partners. Marketing and communication strategy Considering that City of Mount Rainier is recognizing a need for business retention and attraction efforts, they have partnered with other public and private businesses stakeholders to create an Economic Development Corporation (EDC) to promote the City and its business advantages and opportunities to local, regional, national and international markets. The purpose of the EDC is to enhance the economic vitality of the City and its residents through creating marketing initiatives, business retention programs, business attraction efforts and dissemination of information. Created as a public-private partnership, the EDC can generate business leads and opportunities that the City could otherwise not do, furthering development. In addition, this partnership serves as the first line of contact with the public, business prospects and developers who are seeking information about doing business in the City. Furthermore, the EDC facilitates development, cultivates business opportunities and creates partnerships that will result in increased economic development in the City of Mount Rainier. The question remains, which supreme marketing and communication strategy would boost this collaboration for better growth? For any company to prosper in any of its transactions, a strong and optimal management system ought to be put in place. In line with Poirier and Reiter, (1996), success in a company is enhanced by rapid and reliable exchange of data within its group members and with its business partners. This is vital to the further development products and deliverance of quality services. Technically one important communication strategy would calls for a highly effective communications infrastructure that allows effective coordination and management of highly complex, highly flexible development, design and production processes. In line with Poirier and Reiter, on Advanced Planning and Optimization in (1996), the main aims of marketing managers should be to process aftermarket into one system, plan for wide coverage and include all parties involved in the planning process. P. 160) In other words, high-speed data communications have to be one of the engines driving the growth of any organization or company offering services or dealing with businesses stakeholders. Any marketing strategy should take establishment and enhancement of a quality communications infrastructure in it key aims. This is a reliable system that ought to augment cooperation among virtual elements regardless of their position at the time of requirement. It permits all around the globe contribution to projects without duplication or underutilization of human effort or technical resources. Consideration for one of the various information systems and networks is a standard solution that can be tailored to particular needs. A system that supports all the data and allows for data interchange with outside suppliers and other partners naturally always gives a good return on investment. This is not a matter of just laying down the network system within the company. Efficiency, Security, reliability and scalability of the system are some of the vital parts to be fulfilled by a system so as to support diverse access methods and service levels. As Poirier and Reiter emphasizes, a good system is one that can be geared to the needs of each individual supplier and business partner. (P. 160). Needless to say, this new ways of revitalizing the City’s commercial corridors by encouraging continued and private investment, would highly revitalize strategies allowing the city to target its assistance and support in ways that are sustainable at the local level.

Metamorphosis :: essays research papers

The Metamorphosis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Members of a family are often affected when something suddenly changes. Family relationships and special bonds can be changed and sometimes even broken. The attitudes of family members may be altered around the sudden change. In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, a family’s bond is broken apart by a sudden change in Gregor Samsa. The author deals with changes in Gregor and within the whole family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The family’s attitude changes throughout the book. Gregor’s sister, Grete, showed the largest change in attitude. In the beginning she felt sorry for her unfortunate brother and she continued to show that she still cared about him. She took care of him and fed him when no one else seemed to care. After seeing her “changed'; brother for the first time and being frightened by his appearance, “she lost control of herself and slammed the door shut again';. Grete still cared for her brother even though he had changed. Grete feeling sorry for Gregor, brought him an assortment of foods, to find out which ones he liked. She also wanted to help him out by removing the furniture from his bedroom so he could have more room to crawl around. Eventually, Grete began to feel annoyed and disgusted by the presence of her brother. By not caring anymore, she no longer fed nor acknowledged her brother. Grete was the first to announce that the family needed to get rid of Gregor. After his death she was content to go on with the rest of her life, with out the burden of her brother.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gregor’s mother had a very similar attitude towards the change in Gregor. When she first saw him she had great sorrow. In the beginning, she refused to give up hope that Gregor would someday be normal again. She showed her feelings by disagreeing with Grete when she wanted to remove his furniture. She wanted the room untouched, so that when Gregor came back it would be exactly the same and he could easily forget the whole thing. As her attitudes changed in the end, she too became irritated by Gregor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gregor’s father had the hardest time accepting Gregor. His attitude towards him changed the quickest. He wanted to drive Gregor back into his room the minute he saw him. His father harshly chased him back to his room with a cane. His father injured his leg by shoving him through his tight door way. When Mr. Samsa found out that Gregor had left his room while he was out, he attempted to kill him. All in all it was the wound his

Death Of A Salesman-The Flute As A Motif Essay

Death Of A Salesman The Flute as a Motif A motif is anything that occurs several times in the course of a literary work. Because they are repeated so often, motifs tend to show what is permanent in a character, a society or even the human condition. Even so, they also serve to establish a tone, a way of feeling about what is happening. In the story of â€Å"Death of a Salesman,† the flute serves as a vital motif throughout the entire play. Firstly, the flute is used to show failure to the past which Willy lived and it then begins to live it on the present. Throughout the play, it is clear to see in many of the scenes, where Willy beings to drift off that the flute appears most of the time. This is a way to show that Willy is having a â€Å"regression† or a sort of failure. On page 18 of the novel, â€Å"He breaks off in amazement and fright as the flute is heard distantly (Miller, page18). † This fact, that Willy breaks off, a sign of losing his temper and having one of his usual, but strange attacks, showing his sickness and the disturbance in his mind. The flute here is heard at a distance in order to show that Willy is slightly going out of his mind. Also, the flute is also a way for Willy to remember his father who was one of Willy’s most important role models. Throughout the play, it associates the playing of the flute with Willy remembering his father, who would make and sell flutes. So, while reminding him of his father, the flute takes him back in time to his young years and his childhood. â€Å"Father was a very great and a very wild-hearted man. We would start in Boston. And he’d toss the whole family into the wagon, and then he’d drive the team right across the country; through Ohio, and Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, and all the Western States. And we’d stop in the towns and sell the flutes that he’s made on the way (Miller, page 49). † So, this reminds him of his father and he wishes he could be just like him as he was â€Å"free† and fulfilled his goals and dreams. He’s remembering his childhood as he talks about the different places that they traveled. Furthermore, the flute is used to show disturbance within the mind of a character or â€Å"sickness† which Willy is suffering. It’s used to show the audience that Willy is sick and that his mind is also sick. Each time he dreams or drifts off to imagination, the flute is heard in the background or at a distance. â€Å"From the right, Willy Loman, the Salesman enters, carrying two large sample cases. The flute plays on. He hears but is not aware of it (Miller, page 12). † The connotation of the flute here is being used as a way to show disturbance within Willy’s mind because he is not aware of the flute although it is being played. â€Å"The flute has faded away. He sits on the bed beside her, a little numb (Miller, page 13). † Since the flute stops playing, he seems numb and seems to be imagining things, which is his sickness. Moreover, the flute is also used as a characteristic of Willy because each time Willy appears, the flute is there with him. Even at his death, the flute seems to be there in the distance. â€Å"A melody is heard, playing upon a flute (Miller, page 11). † The opening stage directions begin with the flute and it is connected with the character entering as Willy is the first character introduced to the audience. â€Å"Biff remains a slight distance up and left of Linda. She sits there, summoning herself. The flute begins, not far away playing behind her speech (Miller, page 139). † Here, the flute is being used as a characteristic of the character because Willy has already passed away and Linda remembers Willy. In remembering him, the flute plays. Hence, it represents the flute as a motif associated with Willy Loman. Lastly, â€Å"Only the music of the flute is left on the darkening stage as over the house the hard towers of the apartment buildings rise into sharp focus, and the curtain falls (Miller, page 139). † The play ends with the flute being heard in the background and once again Willy Loman is alone and dead while his family leaves. The flute still continues to play as the curtain falls. In conclusion, the flute is a vital motif in the novel â€Å"Death of a Salesman† because it represents many things. It is important in showing the failure to the past which Willy lived and it then begins to live it on the present. Also, the flute is also a way for Willy to remember his father who was one of Willy’s most important role models. Furthermore, the flute is used to show disturbance within the mind of a character or â€Å"sickness† which Willy is suffering. Lastly, the flute is also used as a characteristic of Willy because each time Willy appears, the flute is there with him. The flute has undeniably shown great importance and significance in â€Å"Death of a Salesman. † Bibliography: Miller Arthur. Death of a Salesman, Penguin Books, 1976.

Ethical Issue in Pharmacy

The ethical duty of a pharmacy is to promote a patient’s best interest. However, certain obvious ethical issues will arise. Within any business involved in bulk purchasing the issue of unconscious theft will also occur. The following paper focuses on the application of ethical theories that supports as well as argues the behavior within Chaguanas Drug Mart. Chaguanas Drug Mart was established in 2008 and is no ordinary pharmacy since it provides more than your medical needs such as beautiful unusual gifts. The store stocks a range of alternative products, including pet care items, comfort food, household appliances, paper products, diabetic foods and a cosmetic counter. It is located on 10 Chaguanas Main Road which is a central location that conveniently attracts customers. Chaguanas Drug Mart believes its greatest asset is loyal, hard-working people who cooperate in a spirit of teamwork to help the company grow and prosper. Ethics involves identifying, differentiating, and defending concepts of right and wrong. The following paper focuses on [1]ethical dilemmas which are also called an ethical paradox within a pharmaceutical business by focusing on the relationship between law and ethics and applying the key ethical theories which derive from normative ethical systems which are broken down into four categories which are deontological, teleological, utilitarianism and relativism. Dilemma 1- Pharmacy technicians’ and floor employees access to controlled substances The drugs prescribed by a qualified medical professional are known as prescription drugs. The explosion of prescribing and consuming legal narcotics and controlled drugs is known as drug diversion which has become an ethical dilemma within the pharmaceutical industry. Within Chaguanas Drug Mart, taking prescription drugs without the necessary doctor’s prescription has become a justifiable norm. However, whether it is obtained initially for a legitimate medical purpose, there are ethical implications. According to Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) deontological or duty-based ethics had an interesting theory that places special emphasis on the relationship between duty and the morality of human actions. This ethical theory is applied to the issue of filling prescriptions for narcotic analgesics or pain relievers; benzodiazepines or therapeutic tranquilizers; stimulants; and barbiturates or sedatives by the technicians within Chaguanas Drug Mart as unlawful. It is stated that prescription drug diversion involves the unlawful channelling of regulated pharmaceuticals from legal sources to the illicit marketplace, which according to the Kantian rule under categorical imperative human beings occupy a special place in creation, and morality can be summed up in one ultimate commandment of reason, or imperative, from which all duties and obligations derive such as a prescription drug may only be sold by a pharmacist when authorised by a written prescription from a medical practitioner. Pharmacist believe they are serving man kind by issuing life-saving drugs and ensuring that people who need their products have access to them and consequentialism supports this belief. Consequentialists are the view that normative properties depend only on consequences. Therefore an ethical analysis is only worthwhile if it ultimately leads to action and is simply a basis for making individual decisions, where the bottom line is â€Å"to each his own. Jeremy Bentham (1789), John Stuart Mill (1861), and Henry Sidgwick (1907) indicate Act Consequentialism is the claim that an act is morally right if and only if that act maximizes the good, that is, if and only if the total amount of good for all minus the total amount of bad for all is greater than this net amount for any incompatible act available to the agent on that occasion. The issuing of prescription drugs without the doctor’s permission is a good that has outweighed the risks since most patients cannot afford another vi sit or are still experiencing pain after the prescription has â€Å"run out†. Many customers are relatives or friends of the workers and are aware that the drugs are the only source to relief but do not go to the doctor for the necessary documents since there is easy access to the items such as antibiotics. Those who work in the medical field know that protecting patient safety is the ultimate ethical principle; therefore the argument is twofold where technicians face many ethical dilemmas because the total amount of good minuses the total the amount of bad however Kantian argues that the wrong thing regardless of how justifiable is till the wrong thing. The ethical dilemma is resolved however by placing inventory checks on all prescription drugs within the business which will manage the supply and movement of stock/Inventory. Although this may not completely solve the current issue, it will certainly limit the level of diversion. Dilemma 2- Employee monitoring in the work environment Employee monitoring has emerged as a necessity and is the act of watching and monitoring employees’ actions during working hours using employer equipment/property (Raposa & Mujtaba, 2003). Within the company, employees have disregarded the term staff discount by practicing in unethical behaviour which encompasses stealing the drugstore supplies as well as time theft. Although time theft can be a more subtle form of unethical behaviour, according to Aristotle’s perspective in applying moral absolutism to this dilemma, it is seen that any way you look at it, taking something that doesn’t belong to you is stealing. Moral absolutism is the ethical view that certain actions are absolutely right or wrong, regardless of other contexts such as their consequences or the intentions behind them which is also supported by Immanuel Kant’s deontology. Kant's argument that to act in the morally right way, one must act from duty begins with an argument that the highest good must be intrinsically good. However, moral absolutism can be debated with relativism which is subjective and includes concepts such as utilitarianism and idealism. Utilitarianism can be applied since it is the idea that the moral worth of an action is determined solely by its outcome. Mill's (1806-1873) rule utilitarianism is much more relative in that he encourages people to do acts that are pleasurable to themselves as long as they are what he calls a â€Å"higher pleasure†. Moral Absolutism versus utilitarianism is two extreme ethical approaches to reality. While they are both valid and supported by facts, they are very contrasting in their views with regards to employee monitoring in the work environment. Most employees consider themselves a paragon of virtues – loyal, hard working and honest, however even minor pilfering from the office amounts to stealing and has become the norm, not the exception at Chaguanas Drug Mart. Most employee theft is as a result of an employee being dissatisfied with the job or circumstances within the job and this ethical dilemma could be resolved by speaking with the employees to gain awareness of job satisfaction and how to make the job more rewarding. Many companies, because of lack of controls and a casual attitude toward employee theft, provide an inviting opportunity for an employee who has a tendency to steal. In many cases, employees, provided with a wealth of opportunities to steal, consider company property as their own. Although (Murphy, 1993) indicated that The propensity for employees to steal seems to be related to the individual's need, opportunity, skills, and attitude toward committing an illegal act, a study performed by Deloitte & Touche USA Ethics & Workplace (2007) showed there is a strong relationship between ethics and work-life balance. In fact 91 percent of respondents stated they believe â€Å"workers are more likely to behave ethically at work when they have a work-life balance. † The moral development of individuals (Greenberg, 2002) concerning ethical maturity to choose right from wrong in ethical dilemmas was found to be inversely related to theft. Research on employee deviant behaviour has shown that workers model their behaviours on those of their co-workers or work group members (Robinson & O'Leary-Kelly 1998), and the ethical concepts applied the importance of employer to employee communication to instil what is wrong even though it may appear to be morally right as in the case of issuing prescription drugs without a prescription which is justifiable as doing the right thing. Since employee theft is a critical problem in many organizations (Murphy, 1993), any additional understanding of its causes and correlates assists in taking action to decrease theft rates.

How to Apply for Federal Student Aid Using the FASFA

How to Apply for Federal Student Aid Using the FASFA You want to go to college so you can make a lot of money but you dont have a lot of money, so you cant go to college. Congratulations! You have just met the main requirements for getting federal student aid. The U.S. Department of Education provides more than $67 billion in loans, grants and campus-based aid every year to assist millions of students and their families pay for postsecondary education. This feature presents an overview of the types of federal student financial aid available, eligibility requirements and the application process. Handy links directly to detailed information from the Department of Education are provided throughout. Federal Student Loan Programs The governments Stafford Loan program offers both subsidized and unsubsidized student loans.   Subsidized loans require proof of financial need. All interest on subsidized loans is paid by the government while the student is actually enrolled at least half-time and during certain periods, such as  deferment and forbearance. Unsubsidized loans are available regardless of financial need. The student must pay all interest on unsubsidized loans. The Direct PLUS program offers unsubsidized loans to parents of dependent students. The parents must pay all interest on Direct PLUS loans. Amounts that can be borrowed, repayment options and interest rates vary greatly and can be modified during the term of the loan. For details on federal student loan programs, see: Federal Direct Student Loans - Information For Students (Note: Some teachers and childcare providers may be able to cancel payment of portions of their federal student loans. See: Loan Cancellation for Teachers and Cancellation for Childcare Providers.) Federal Pell Grants Unlike loans, federal Pell Grants do not have to be paid back. Eligibility is based on financial need. Maximum amounts available vary yearly as determined by Congress. Besides financial need, the amount of a Pell grant also depends on costs to attend school, the students status as a full- or part-time student, and the students plans to attend school for a full academic year or less. Pell grant funds are paid directly to the student by the school at least once each semester, trimester, or quarter. Campus-Based Aid Programs Campus-based programs like the Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG), Federal Work-Study (FWS), and Federal Perkins Loan programs are administered directly by the financial aid office at each participating school. Federal funds for these programs are given to the schools and distributed to students at the schools discretion. Amounts students can receive depends on individual financial need, amounts of other aid the student receives and the total availability of funds at the school. Basic Eligibility Requirements for Student Aid Eligibility for federal student aid is determined on the basis of financial need and on several other factors. The financial aid administrator at the college or career school you plan to attend will determine your eligibility. Basically, to receive aid from federal programs, you must: qualify for financial need (except for certain loans); have a high school diploma or a General Education Development (GED) certificate, or pass a test approved by the U.S. Department of Education; be working toward a degree or certificate; be enrolled in an eligible program; be a U.S. citizen or eligible non-citizen; have a valid Social Security Number; register with the Selective Service if required; and maintain satisfactory academic progress once in school. Under federal law, persons who have been convicted under federal or state law of the sale or possession of drugs are not eligible for federal student aid. If you have a conviction or convictions for these offenses, call the Federal Student Aid Information Center at 1-800-4-FED-AID (1-800-433-3243) to find out if, or how, this law applies to you. Even if you are ineligible for federal aid, the Education Department urges you to complete a Free Application for Federal Student Aid, because you may be eligible for nonfederal aid from states and private institutions. How to Apply for Student Aid - The FASFA The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) can be used to apply for all loans, grants, and campus-based student aid programs. The FASFA can be completed online or on paper. The FAFSA Web site takes you through every step of the process and provides all the information you need to apply for federal student aid. Applicants can access worksheets to estimate their incomes, electronically sign loan documents, save an application at any computer and print a complete report. How easy is the FAFSA online application process? In 2000, over 4 million student loan applications were processed online, a number the Department of Education expects to top 6 million during 2002. Between Jan. 1 and March 1, 2002, over 500,000 applications had already been processed online. Questions? If you have any questions, or require additional information on student financial assistance, you may contact your high school guidance counselor, the financial aid officer at the postsecondary school you plan to attend, or the Federal Student Aid Information Center, open seven days a week, from 8 a.m. to midnight (Eastern Time). You can also find free information about federal, state, institutional, and private student aid in your high school counselors office or local librarys reference section (usually listed under student aid or financial aid.)

Google IPO

Google IPO Initial Public Offering for Google Inc.A start-up corporation may have its inception through privately invested funds or through procuring funds through a venture capital firm or a composite of both funding sources. Venture capital is defined as "money invested to finance a new firm" (Brealey, Myers, and Marcus, 2004, p. 368). Venture capitalists often hold seats on the company's board of directors and provide input in the composition of the senior management team that leads the company (Brealey et al., 2004, p. 369). In the chronological development of a successful company, likely there will come a time when growth opportunities and expansion plans call for more capital than can reasonably be obtained through continued investment by venture capitalists. How does a company raise the capital it needs to continue its development? One option is to sell shares in the company to the public, which is an "initial public offering (IPO)" (Brealey et al.,India Inc book launch2004, p. 370).On A pril 29, 2004, the internet search engine company Google filed a Form S-1 or registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under its chartered name of Google Inc. As news of the pending IPO spread, speculation ran rampant about the potential earnings that Google might anticipate. CNN Money reported that, "Wall Street has been eagerly anticipating a filing from Google so investors could finally get a glimpse into the company's finances (LaMonica, 2004, p. 1). In addition, the already intense competition between Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft's MSN was projected to escalate substantially as a result of Google's intent to move into the public domain.Registration, Disclosure, and Compliance IssuesA business moving toward an IPO has a number of requirements that it must meet in order to satisfy the SEC standards for issuing common stock. In order to achieve its...

Clip

Clip Clip Clip By Maeve Maddox A reader was puzzled by the use of clip in the following sentence: Amazon has been adding distribution facilities at a clip. Says the reader, I have typically seen this as â€Å"rapid clip,† and in looking in the dictionary noted that â€Å"clip† as a noun refers to rate, which means it would need some type of modifier to signify speed. However, I also noted at there is a definition of it as a verb meaning â€Å"to move swiftly.† As a result, I’m wondering if use of â€Å"clip† as a noun has taken on this meaning so that an adjective is no longer necessary. Clip has more than one meaning, both as a noun and as a verb. The verbs came before the nouns. The verb that gives us the â€Å"holding on† sense of clip derives from the Old English verb, clyppan: â€Å"to clasp with the arms, to embrace, or to hug.† From this verb we get nouns with the following meanings: clip: an embrace or a hug (now obsolete) clip: a device that grips objects tightly. Examples of this kind of clip are: hair clips, bicycle clips, a potato chip bag clip, etc. A synonym is clamp. clip: a receptacle containing several cartridges held together at the base for insertion bodily into the magazine of a repeating firearm. clip: a piece of jewelry that may be clipped onto clothing. Other nouns come from a different verb that means â€Å"to cut with scissors or shears.† This clip came into Middle English from a Scandinavian source. From it come the following nouns: clip: shears (for cutting wool) clip: a piece that has been clipped off of something clip: a smart blow, stroke, or â€Å"cut.† For example, He gave him a clip across the mouth. clip: a rate of speed; a rapid pace or motion (colloquial) Now I’ll address the reader’s two-part question. Clip used as a verb to mean ‘to move rapidly† is first cited in 1833. It may have acquired this meaning from the fact that clippers in the hand of an expert move very fast. The earliest date for the noun meaning â€Å"rate† is later than for the verb (1867), so there probably is a connection between them. However, clip may be used with or without a modifier. The following citations illustrate the use of the noun clip with and without modifiers: 1867 It is believed that he can go a four-minute clip. 1887 We are goin wi a clip now. (We are going with a clip now.) 1893 In three days I could drive him any ‘clip’ I chose by just talking to him. 1893 Lastly, the bicyclists rode from six to ten miles daily at a stiff clip. 1901 [The ship] traveled at a 12-knot clip. 1911 Youll never finish your book at all at the clip youre hitting now. 1929 The infield was functioning at an improved clip during this second game. 1941 That dog can keep up a terrific clip. 1967 Romance and marriage among corporations is rolling along at a torrid paceThe brisk clip continues this year. The reader’s example fits right in: â€Å"Amazon has been adding distribution facilities at a clip.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorTaser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?Affect vs. Effect

Discuss Plato's view of the Poet(artist) in The Republic, Ion, and Essay

Discuss Plato's view of the Poet(artist) in The Republic, Ion, and Symposium - Essay Example Plato explores his ideas regarding poetry in The Republic, particularly within Book X. As can be seen in his discussion regarding the nature of imitation, Plato considers poetry to be a representation of nature, or the divine, in his analogy of the carpenter. As he describes the making of a bed, Plato enumerates the three different types of beds that could be made: â€Å"Beds, then, are of three kinds, and there are three artists who superintend them: God, the maker of the bed, and the painter† (Ch. 10). The first of these, that made by God, is the original and the perfect form. The second is a copy of that form, brought into the material world by the activity of the carpenter and usable as such by those whom the carpenter might choose to provide access. The third, however, that created by the artist or poet, is described by Plato as being a mere shade of the object, perhaps only able to capture a very small aspect of the bed’s true elements. Thus, in imitation, the poe t is able to convey some truth about the nature of the bed and is therefore able to represent nature in some form, but he is never able to convey the whole truth about it. However, Plato also seems to recognize the potential danger of poetry to convey ‘wrong’ ideas as he introduces the concept of censorship by dictating â€Å"Whether in epics, lyrics or tragedies, whether in meter or not, god must be described accurately, and that turns out to be as unchanging; as good and the cause of only good; as incapable of violence; and as ‘altogether simple and true in deed and speech,’ for god ‘doesnt himself change or deceive others by illusions, speeches, or the sending of signs either in waking or dreaming’† (Griswold, 2003). He also recognizes the psychology of literature and its ability to affect all men, often attributing greatest honor to the poet who is most capable of

Wireless security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Wireless security - Essay Example The activities performed by user on the internet can be both casual and confidential in nature. None the less for any of the activities performed over the internet every user wants privacy and security. Security of the connection ensures the integrity and originality of the data and assures the user that his information is safe. Wireless connection employ the use of radiowaves for communication and flow of data between the devices. These radiowaves can easily be tapped, intercepted and the information can be read or stolen and even in some case altered and manipulated hence raising the concern of data integrity and originality. Facing the threats that came with the increasing and rapid growth in the number of users of wireless technology the requirements for development of measures for security and integrity of data and network also arose. Although number of people were lazy and most of them were unaware of the security threats they faced using wireless form of connections, such people were only concerned about the availability of the internet and were satisfied as long as they were able to operate the internet. Now to ensure security while using wireless connections various forms of security were developed which included WEP,WAP and WAP2 etc. WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy (or Wireless Encryption Protocol), was introduced as the first line of security to tackle the threats that were occurring. It was a weak option for security as it only had encryption to a basic level. After the passage of time a lot of weaknesses were found in it and did not remain as secure as it was thought earlier. It did not provide end to end protection as it only used at the two lowest layers of OSI. Later on it was found out that it didn’t protect packets from being intercepted and any hacker could get enough stream of packets which would be enough for him to extract the encryption scheme. After significant flaws were found in WEP another technology WPA

The advantages and disadvantages of coursework as a means of Essay

The advantages and disadvantages of coursework as a means of assessment - Essay Example Assigning coursework helps teacher in analyzing each student’s strengths and weaknesses. Some students are good at speaking while others are good at writing. Course works also save time of both student and teachers. Teachers cannot be with students all day long, but assigning course works helps teachers in assessing each individual student’s capabilities. As I see, invention of internet is the main problem of coursework. No longer children portray their own viewpoint in regards to their assigned tasks and cut and paste the ideas, facts and figures of others. Before the advent of internet, assigning coursework to students used to be very successful as it helped them in illustrating their own creativity in their coursework, but nowadays, course works are more inclined towards plagiarizing. At times, even the student doesn’t know what he has written in assignments. As a matter of determining how much information a student has attained from a coursework, in my opinion, is a useless tool. The focus is more on presenting the assignment instead of learning something out of it. In actual, there’s little learning taking place in coursework scenarios and the tendency of peers to copy each other’s assignment is higher. Due to the reason of copy paste phenomena, universities, schools and colleges are now more concerned in investing in plagiarism detecting software so that anything which is lifted from the internet can be detected. Coursework has always been the most beneficial and effective tool to enhance the capabilities of students, but the advent of internet is making it ineffective. It is necessary for teachers to design and allot the coursework in a way that there are lesser chances of plagiarizing and higher chances boosting student’s skills. Perhaps, by the little modifications it will be feasible to restore the effectiveness in

Workplace Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Workplace Literacy - Essay Example In these regards, there is the recognition that a healthy lifestyle – including nutrition – contributes to scholastic and life success. As the university has an obligation to help students it is necessary for them to consider healthy food options. One of the prominent health concerns is the potential for type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes generally occurs as a direct result of obesity; this obesity correspondingly occurs because of inactivity and unhealthy nutrition. The potential of type 2 diabetes is an even greater concern as it can potentially cause hypertension, kidney failure, heart disease, nerve damage, and even blindness or stroke ("Health affects of," 2010). In addition to type 2 diabetes, unhealthy diets have also been specifically linked to asthma and liver disease. In terms of asthma, research has demonstrated that people with obesity are 92% more likely to experience asthma ("Health affects of," 2010). This is a serious concern, as asthma is accompanied by wheezing and a variety of respiratory problems. Additionally, liver disease occurs as fat builds in the liver cells. This can be accompanied by liver failure and cirrhosis ("Health affects of," 2010). While there are a variety of specific health problems related to eating an unhealthy diet, there is also the recognition that there are a variety of health concerns that are indirectly linked to dietary choice. Perhaps the most serious of these concerns is stroke; high blood pressure that occurs as a result of an unhealthy diet contributes to stroke. Another indirect health concern is cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease occurs partly through the build up of plaque and fat in the arteries and can have serious health implications. Ultimately, the university system is not simply an area where students receive an education, but is also the environment where students experience a formative developmental period and can

Early Chinese Funerary Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Early Chinese Funerary Art - Essay Example Excavations at B'ei-li-kang near Luo-yang date materials found at that site to 6000-5000 B.C." (Pearson Education, 2007). In order to understand better about early Chinese funerary art, there are several issues in particular which need to be discussed. The Chinese culture itself, the history of Chinese art, and as well the purpose of funerary art in this regards are all incredibly significant and critical issues, and by thoroughly examining and discussing all of these issues, we will be able to attain a more informed and knowledgeable understanding in regards to what Chinese funerary art is all about. This is what will be dissertated in the following. Chinese art has truly varied throughout history, and it has been divided into certain periods by the ruling dynasties of China in particular, and that includes the Yangshao, Dawenkou, Hongshan, Liangzhu, Longshan, Early Shang, Anyang, Eastern and Western Zhou, Warring States, and the Early Qin Dynasties. The difference in art is remarkable throughout each separate dynasty; the way that the art evolved, and the actual purpose and meaning of it as well, especially in regards to funerary art. In the earliest dynasty periods in China, the forms of (funerary) art were typically made from pottery and jade, "to which was added bronze in the Shang Dynasty" (Wikipedia, 2007). It was in early imperial China when porcelain was introduced into the art forms, and this is in fact why in English the word China has become associated with the most valuable and high-quality porcelain. The Shang Dynasty is actually considered as being the first dynasty of all, and inscriptions are one of the most significant art forms that took place during the time of this dynasty, and this meant inscriptions on bronze artifacts and oracle bones for instance, the oracle bones in particular which date back to the latter half of the dynasty, and these divinations can truly be considered as standing for various different things, including for giving information on the politics, economy, culture, and religion at that time. The Western Zhou Dynasty period was another which held incredible significance, and it was during this period in particular in which inscriptions became increasingly common and significant, and as well lengthier, and these were used to truly extol the achievements of the owner, as well as express the 'poignant wish' that the piece will not only be able to honor his forebears, but as well that he will be able to recall his own merits to his descendants, for 'generations without end'. The Yangshao Dynasty is yet another one of great importance in regards to the Chinese (funerary) art which was created during this time, and one of the most common forms of art in particular was that of swirling spirals and geometric designs, of which were often etched onto pottery wares. During the latter part of this dynasty, brush-painted pottery became incredibly popular, and it also became more sophisticated in regards to the way that it was completed, especially in regards to the handling of the design. The Dawenkou Dynasty is another important time period here for Chinese art, and during this period it was ceramics that were incredibly common and as well significant, and here as well inscriptions were used quite frequently,

Workplace Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Workplace Literacy - Essay Example In these regards, there is the recognition that a healthy lifestyle – including nutrition – contributes to scholastic and life success. As the university has an obligation to help students it is necessary for them to consider healthy food options. One of the prominent health concerns is the potential for type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes generally occurs as a direct result of obesity; this obesity correspondingly occurs because of inactivity and unhealthy nutrition. The potential of type 2 diabetes is an even greater concern as it can potentially cause hypertension, kidney failure, heart disease, nerve damage, and even blindness or stroke ("Health affects of," 2010). In addition to type 2 diabetes, unhealthy diets have also been specifically linked to asthma and liver disease. In terms of asthma, research has demonstrated that people with obesity are 92% more likely to experience asthma ("Health affects of," 2010). This is a serious concern, as asthma is accompanied by wheezing and a variety of respiratory problems. Additionally, liver disease occurs as fat builds in the liver cells. This can be accompanied by liver failure and cirrhosis ("Health affects of," 2010). While there are a variety of specific health problems related to eating an unhealthy diet, there is also the recognition that there are a variety of health concerns that are indirectly linked to dietary choice. Perhaps the most serious of these concerns is stroke; high blood pressure that occurs as a result of an unhealthy diet contributes to stroke. Another indirect health concern is cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease occurs partly through the build up of plaque and fat in the arteries and can have serious health implications. Ultimately, the university system is not simply an area where students receive an education, but is also the environment where students experience a formative developmental period and can

Product Designs & Development Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Product Designs & Development - Dissertation Example As the report declares each and every product in business is offered with an intention of making profits as it fulfills the consumer’s need. As such, a well conceived product is bound to sell more, have wider reach, increase market share, improve profit margins and possibly carve out new opportunities for the business. In other words product design is a crucial element in the production or manufacture, and by extension marketing of physical products. A product should be designed to meet specific needs of the society with other factors taken into due consideration. There is therefore a correlation between product development, social culture and business success. According to the essay findings China as a country has for long maintained its culture of Confucianism and Socialism even in the business environment. Confucianism demands submission to authority and near absolute obedience in every situation. This culture of course has its pros and cons when adopted in the business setup. While several independent surveys have been conducted concerning product development and people’s culture, none has been conducted to establish the relationship between the two. This study seeks to bridge this gap with focus on art and craft businesses in China. This study will be limited to art and craft businesses within the borders of China and will hence preclude any businesses engaging in art and craft or DIY products outside the country.

Concord - Massachusetts Essay Example for Free

Concord Massachusetts Essay Although the transcendentalism movement was an extremely long time ago the ideas are still pertinent today. When Henry David Thoreau said, â€Å"Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away. It is not important that he should mature as soon as an apple tree or an oak†(247), that he would be telling people to be themselves many generations later. The transcendentalism movement took place during the early 1800’s when America was developing its own writing style. The authors of the time all thought in the same wavelength. Some of them, such as Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson belonged to a transcendentalism club in which they shared their ideas. Thoreau had ideas that he firmly believed in and tried to act upon his ideas. He wanted to live in solitude and be one with nature, so he went to Walden Pond and was semi-secluded from society. Except for a couple of times when he went to the nearby town for things he needed he was on his own. He did well with it, but wanted to move on with his life so he left Walden. After his experience, he decided to write about it in his book, Walden Pond. Thoreau tried to live his life based on his ideas no matter how extreme they may have been. These transcendentalists had many ideas that seemed to others to be extremely impractical. The authors thought that they could transform the world through their ideas. One of their main ideas was that we are all true individuals and should not conform to whatever the â€Å"norm† is. Thoreau tells us to live our own life, whether it be good or bad, it is ours. â€Å"However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it or call it hard names†(247). Also, we should do the morally right thing. We should do what our heart says is right and not always listen to our heads. They also wrote in an optimistic view and their writings were very inspiring. All of their ideas are relevant today on some level. People are reading Emerson and Thoreau as though they were on the current best sellers list. Not everybody reads the material because they are assigned it, but rather they are using it as a tool to find out how to live their lives. All of our lives we are told to be ourselves and not to go along with the crowd, and that is the same thing Thoreau said over a century ago. Furthermore, we are told to do the right thing, however, today we use more our heads than our hearts to make decisions. As we read their writings weare inspired to change our lives, but most of us find it to hard to change. As a society we like to choose the easy way out, and in this case it is a lot easier to go along with the crowd than it is to stand out. We care so much about fitting in that we don’t want to be different because we fear that nobody will like our true personalities. Henry David Thoreau was trying to inspire his generation to lead their own lives, but he must have had a loud voice because we hear him loud and clear many years later. Unfortunately, we don’t have the courage that he had to act on his ideas. It is almost as if we are not born individually anymore, now societies are born as a whole and they do not contain any individuals. We need to spend more time stepping to the beat of our own drummer.

Rise Of The Creative Class Cultural Studies Essay

Rise Of The Creative Class Cultural Studies Essay According to Richard Florida, cities must make purposive efforts to establish the right people climate for the favoured class of creatives or they will wither and die (Florida, 2002; p. 13). Critically reflect upon Floridas thesis as to the role the creative classes play in stimulating economic success in places. In 2002, Richard Florida published, The Rise of the Creative Class, the book analyses the forces reshaping our economy and how companies, communities and people can survive and prosper in a post-Fordist U.S. It provides a provocative new way of thinking about why and how places economically develop but whether there is merit in his thesis is questionable. In essence, Floridas book seeks to describe a new economy, in which Creativity has become a driving force of economic growth. The ability to compete and prosper in the global economy goes beyond trade in goods and services and flows of capital and investment, instead, it increasingly turns on the ability of [cities] to attract, retain and develop creative people (Florida 2002a, p.3). These creative people are what Florida names the creative class and it is this new socioeconomic class who he claims add economic value through their creativity and are the ultimate economic resource (Florida 2002a, p.2). It is important to understand that Floridas definition of the Creative Class is extremely broad. Florida (2002a) argues that this is because all professions entail some creativity in their execution. However, it can be broken down into three main components and each component illustrates a role that the creative class plays in stimulating economic success. The first component is the super-creative core. These are people who invent, take out patents and thus are at the centre of economic and technological development. It includes a wide range of occupations, with arts, design, and media workers as a small subset. Florida considers those belonging to this group to fully engage in the creative process (2002a, p. 69). The Super-Creative Core is believed to be innovative, creating commercial products and consumer goods and the ability to come up with new ideas and better ways of doing things is ultimately what raises productivity (Florida 2002a, p.2). The second component is the creative professionals. This group do not have as clear of a connection with technological development. They educate, manage, care take as well as develop models and thoughts and thereby facilitate the economic development. The bohemians is the last component. These are the artistically creative and their role is attracting the other two groups. The presence of such human capital in turn creates a specific people climate and attracts the first two components and therefore generates innovative, technology-based industries which bring economic prosperity (Florida 2002b). However, as will be explained later, the presence of bohemians in cities attracting the rest of the creative class and therefore promoting economic growth is a contested issue. The fact that the creative class aggregate efforts have become the primary drivers of economic development is made more understandable by the new economy that has been created. In this post-Fordist society, Hartley (2005) argues that high tech creative industries are at the core to economic development and therefore the creative class, who play a key role in these creative industries and are crucial to economic development. With this new society, Florida (2002a) argues that with more creative class presence there will be more high-tech jobs, more growth in employment and firm formation, therefore greater economic success. Florida (2002) debates that this stimulation of economic success by the creative class means that there is an inevitable need for cities to attract the creative class or they will wither and die. However, do jobs follow people or people follow jobs? The old Fordism models assumed that people move to where the jobs are, suggesting a development strategy of cutting corporate taxes, developing industrial parks and clusters. On the other hand in a Post-Fordism society, Florida (2002c) argues that jobs move to, or are made, where the skilled workers are, inferring an economic development strategy concentrated on attracting people as consumers of place and suggesting that the traditional beliefs of economic development are out of date. Florida is not the only one who comes to these conclusions, Vias (1999) and Holmberg et al. (2001) argue that jobs follow people too. However, question marks must be raised over the robustness of the research findings and the range of different population an d/or employment groups; as Hoogstra et al. (2004) suggests the nature of causality differs greatly across space as well as time due to subjectivity. Florida (2002) argues that diversity is the key to this attracting of the creative class and therefore economic success. Furthermore, places need to culturally provide and encourage the 3Ts; talent, technology and tolerance. These attributes present a people climate that Florida justifies when he writes, Creative-minded people enjoy a mix of influences. They want to hear different kinds of music and try different kinds of food. A vibrant, varied nightlife was viewed by many as another signal that a city gets it' (2002a, p.67). Florida measures this diversity by using three main indices: The Bohemian index, the gay index and the coolness index. From these indices and various others Florida devised his own ranking system with an overall creativity index for each city. It is through this method that Florida links his desired people climate to the creative class and thus economic success. This idea that urban economic success comes from having an attractive people climate for high skill people is in general an accepted view (Glaeser et al. 2001) and has certainly had an effect on urban policy, as Malanga (2004, p.36) observes, The notion that cities must become trendy, happening places in order to compete in the twenty first century is sweeping urban America [and beyond]. However, is it Floridas people climate that is needed to attract the creative class and therefore economically succeed? The idea that Floridas people climate, created by the bohemians, attract the rest of the creative class to the city and therefore fuel economic growth, as mentioned earlier, is a contested issue. Glaeser (2004) argues that the creative class want big suburban lots with easy commutes by car, safe streets, good schools and low taxes. After all, he argues, there is plenty of evidence linking low taxes, sprawl and safety with growth. He gives the example of Plano in Texas, which was the most successful skilled city in the country in the 1990s and its not exactly a Bohemian hotspot. Where Florida is also vulnerable to criticism is in his methodology and manipulation of data in the correlation between his people climate and the creative class and therefore economic growth. In his first appendix to The Rise of the Creative Class, he writes, in retrospect, I probably could have written this book using no statistics at all. Moss (2009) argues that in chapters 13 and 14 and the accompanying appendices, Florida should have done just that. Part of Floridas people climate is the 3Ts concept, and he creates measurement indicators for each. Moss (2009) argues that, predominantly, both the logic and data linking these axes together are unclear. He argues that Florida relies primarily on lists of rankings of urban areas that look similar. Though Florida documents statistically significant correlations in some cases, both Clark (2004) and Glaeser (2004) find that they have less explanatory power than other combinations. Additionally Florida does not give much information about the regressions (Markusen 2006). Moss (2009) argues that this is illustrated by the fact that it is not known that Florida uses same-sex male households reporting as partners (and thus presumably gay) in the Census as a proxy for diversity. Not only does this show lack of information about the regressions and therefore less validity to Floridas thesis, but it also shows the vague nature of Floridas work. Another flaw is that the connection between the 3Ts element to Floridas people climate and actual economic growth is weak. If Florida ran a regression on each of the 3Ts and job creation or per-capita income, the results arent given. In fact, the notes to chapter 13 record a correlation between employment growth and the Creative Class concentration that, while statistically significant, was only 0.03! (Moss 2009) Steven Malanga finds more weaknesses in Floridas correlation between Floridas people climate and economic growth. Since 1993, cities that score the best on Floridas analysis have actually shown to not have grown as fast as the overall U.S. jobs economy, increasing their employment numbers by only 17 per cent (Malanga 2004). Floridas indexes, in fact, are such weak predictors of economic performance that his top ranked cities havent even outperformed his bottom ranked ones (Malanga 2004). Led by large percentage gains in Las Vegas (the fastest-growing economy in the U.S), Floridas ten least creative cities are actually huge job generators, adding more than 19 per cent to their job totals since 1993 (faster growth than the national economy) (Malanga 2004). Malangas main argument, that Florida makes no significant effort to show how the 3Ts are related to actual economic growth, is powerful. Floridas Creativity Index is also shown to have faults and therefore illegitimizing the correlation between Floridas people climate and the creative class and therefore economic growth. The Creativity Index is centred on four equally weighted factors: the concentration of Creative Class workers in the area, a High Tech index measuring a regions share of national tech industry output, the concentration of tech industries within the region, as well as the number of patents recorded per capita and the concentration of same-sex domestic partners within the region (Moss 2009). No justification or evidence is shown that supports the notion that these factors should be equally weighted (Moss 2009). Alternatively, each of 268 metropolitan areas is ranked on each of the four factors, and the Creativity Index is calculated solely by subtracting the regions rank order in each category from 1076, which, strangely, is four times 269 (Florida 2002a). Florida does not bother to look at the distribu tion of the actual values within the ranks, which is only useful if the distribution is linear, or doesnt vary between the four factors. For example, if theres a substantial band of cities in the Creative Class index that are almost equal from rank 140 to rank 157, but the city ranked 157 in the patent index is a large drop from the city ranked 156; this system wouldnt pick such common subtleties up. This highlights the lack of rigorous scientific inquiry in which Florida operates. Much of Floridas work focuses on the U.S solely and it is questionable to whether Floridas ideas are transferrable to the rest of the world. In Europe, several researchers have tried to produce similar data and have obtained spatial correlations similar to Floridas (Boschma and Fritsch 2007). This thesis is therefore not specific to North America: it can also be applied to Europe, and Florida and his colleagues have, in fact, conducted a report backing this claim (Florida and Tinagli 2004). Although Floridas work has been said to be legitimate in Europe, more concentrated in-depth studies prove that this is not the case in the UK. Nathan (2005) examines Floridas ideas, concentrating on the evidence in British cities. He finds insufficient evidence of a creative class, and little indication that creative cities do better. He argues that companies search for the required workers when making location decisions, but skilled people also move to where the jobs are. Buzz attracts young peop le to city centres for a short time, after which most move out to suburbs; this is mainly down to the hegemony of London. Nathan (2005) concludes that the creative class model is a poor judge of UK city economic performance and decision makers should focus on the basics: creativity is the icing, not the cake (Nathan 2005, p.1). Not many studies at all have been done implying Floridas thesis on other developed countries outside Europe and therefore it is hard to say whether his thesis applies to the whole of the developed world. Not many studies have been carried out on the developing world either. Purely on the basis that most non developed countries are not entirely associated with the post-Fordist economy, one assumes that the creative class is smaller and not attracted to the cities therefore not having as significant a role in economic development. Thus, it must be said that it is hard to justify Floridas thesis as having relevance to the rest of the globe. In conclusion, Floridas claim that attracting the creative class to cities in a post-Fordist society does have substance. However, his claim that jobs follow people is tarnished by the subjective nature of this concept, with a need to collect more data. In analysing Floridas link between his people climate and economic growth one begins to cast doubt over his thesis. This is down to his poor methodology and seeming manipulation of data and the fact that Floridas correlations have less explanatory power than others. Additionally, not much information is given on the regressions decreasing their validity, Floridas link between the 3Ts and economic growth is weak and the creativity index also has flaws. Floridas thesis is said to be transferrable to Europe but is not applicable to the UK. His theory has not been applied to the rest of the developed world or the developing world in depth and therefore one cannot say if his theory is valid.

computers :: essays research papers

SECURITY OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Introduction Wireless devices, like all technologies that provide external access to corporate networks, present security challenges. With wireless standards and practices still rapidly evolving, it is important to understand the strengths and limitations of available technologies in order to implement a secure solution. Extending current security policies to encompass wireless devices requires an understanding of the security features of both wireless devices and wireless networks. Purpose of the Study The purpose of the study was to assist in the decision whether Lotus Development should extend current security policies to encompass wireless devices. The following are critical security questions: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What challenges are faced with wireless security? †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How can you verify that the device being used is actually in the hands of an authorized user? How can you enhance the security of the device? †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How secure is the over-the-air network between the organization and the wireless device? †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How can you secure the wireless session? †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Should Lotus development include wireless devices in their security policies? Research Methods and Procedures Through traditional and electronic research of books, periodicals, and business journals, secondary research was conducted. Figures were constructed through extensive research and study of interactions of networks. Wireless Security Challenges   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mobile devices and wireless networks rely on a broad spectrum of technology, much of it cutting-edge. In comparison to PCs, each class of mobile device currently represents a unique hardware and software platform. Mobile phones, for example, have varying capabilities and limitations both as computing devices and as client devices accessing corporate networks. The wireless networks that support mobile devices are similarly diverse. By relying on industry standard protocols like TCP/IP, HTTP, SMTP and TAP, Mobile Services supports many of the major wireless networks currently in operation. This standards-based approach also provides MSD with a common security model that can operate across wireless networks, while at the same time taking some of the complexity out of doing business with different wireless network providers (Braden 1997). However, it is important to understand that there is currently no industry-wide security standard that will work on every mobile device and on every wireless network, in the way that X.509 and SSL span the PC universe. MSD bridges this gap wherever possible by adding its own security features (Freeburg 1991). Mobile Device Security Most mobile devices currently provide only a simple username/password combination to block use of the device (a few also offer local data encryption). And since most users do not employ even this rudimentary level of security, mobile devices like pagers, mobile phones and PDAs are essentially unsecured (Aziz 1993).

Quinceaneras Are Not So Bad

Are Not So Bad Girls always want a big party for that special age, Like when you are fifteen, sixteen, eighteen, and twenty-one. If you're Mexican, then you have a acquaintance which is when you are fifteen. My whole family is all about that tradition. They like to throw acquaintance parties to any girl that we have in our family. It has been an ongoing culture for years now but, I almost broke that tradition. I don't like acquaintances even if it is all fancy and pretty. I would rather go out for a very nice dinner on my fifteenth airhead.My mom had big plans for me and, for my acquaintance. Ever since I was thirteen she would plan all these things for the acquaintance; even If It was two years away. She would always ask me what Is my favorite color, what kind of design do I want, and what cake flavor do I like. I would always answer questions but, with sadness because, I really TLD want a acquaintance. I wanted something simple that I really liked Instead. I didn't want to tell my mom that I didn't want a acquaintance because, I was afraid to hurt her feelings, and the culture she has had went throughout her whole family.In acquaintances you have to dance for your guests with your chameleons, and dams. Chameleons and dams are partners that dance with you in the surprise dance. Dancing is the one thing I hate the most in acquaintances. I am very bad at it, and it makes me nervous and shy to dance In front of a lot of people. I ask my mom If I can skip that at least, but she always tells me that dancing is the most Important part of quince, and It keeps the guests motivated and Interested in the party. She Likes to have her parties big with halls decorated In big decorations, and that's also something I hate because I Like impel things.I never understood why having a acquaintance was so important to my family. I asked my mom why was it so important, and she said, â€Å"Everyone in your family has had one, including me, and I don't want to stop now. † I r eally don't want to hurt my mom, or even brake this tradition, so I am deciding to have a acquaintance. I am planning to have it simple, and nice. My mom was a little disappointed because, she already had big plans for the decorations, and the hall, but she said it was okay that I kept it simple, because it is my birthday.I understood that having a acquaintance meant a lot to her, so I wanted to help her feel happy. After I had my acquaintance party, I realized why everyone wanted to have one. The party was really amazing and fun. The hall that I had was really big, and beautiful. Also, the decorations at the party were really pretty and made the hall stand out more. I do regret having a bigger party with more family, and the way mom had planned, but I did enjoy it. I got closer to all of my family members we invited, and brake ever, and the family will all now us by our acquaintance culture.

Pygmalion and Pretty Woman Essay

The relationship between the texts you have studied and their respective cultural context is significant because it provides insight into the way values have been maintained and changed. Discuss with reference to the text from the past and it’s appropriation. The intended audience of both Pygmalion, by George Bernard Shaw and Pretty Woman, directed by Garry Marshall was the mass of society at the time of composition. This is seen through the choice of the form of each text, Pygmalion is a play because in the early twentieth centaury this was the popular way of spreading ideas and Pretty Woman is a Hollywood film, a current form of mass media today. Because both texts were aimed at the majority of society they each must represent the views of their cultural context to be popular, which both texts proved to be. As both texts reflect the cultural views of the context they were composed in, a comparison of the two provides a significant insight into the way specific values have been maintained and changed over time. One of the main values explored in both texts is what each society believes to be the ‘perfect’ woman. By comparing the way these women in both texts are presented, we are given an insight into the changing status of women over time. In English society in the early 1900’s women were seen as inferior to men and were often stereotyped in the sense of the clothes they wore, how they spoke and how they presented themselves, rather than their personality. Women’s inferiority is seen in Higgins and Eliza’s unequal relationship, Higgins is clearly presented as the master and owner of Eliza as he ‘buys’ her from her father and treats her as a â€Å"live doll†. Eliza is almost objectified by Higgins, representing the sexism present in the 1900s. She is seen as the ‘perfect woman’ by society only when she has been transformed to a dignified, well spoken, beautiful lady of high society. This is seen through the differing reactions to Eliza by the Eynsford Hill family when she is a flower girl, compared to when she is a ‘duchess’ . The position of women in society has changed a great deal over the last  centaury and the contemporary post-feminist society is believed to provide and equal playing field for all. Women and men are seen as equals socially as well as by law and in the workforce. This is seen in the portrayal as Vivian as the heroine in the film who, although she is still beautiful, is individual, independent and has a certain instinctive intelligence, she is seen as ideal for these personal qualities. Another view explored in both texts is the complicated system of hierarchal social classes and bridging the gap or breaking the barrier between these classes. Late nineteenth – early twentieth centaury English society had a rigid class system with the idea of upper, middle and lower classes that were based upon birthright. At the time Pygmalion was composed however, the system had begun to change as the growing middle class was beginning to rise up through the social hierarchy due to wealth. This is portrayed in the play when Mr. Doolittle becomes rich and rises the ladder into â€Å"middle class morality†. Shaw is deeply satirical of these social classes as is seen in how Eliza can easily rise herself to upper class and her statement to Higgins at the end of the play of â€Å"I had only to lift my finger to be as good as you† clearly makes his view clear that the social barriers are superficial. Pretty Woman was written in the late 1980’s, a decade known as the â€Å"greed is good† decade were social class was based solely upon wealth, apart from in the global community were both ethnicity and wealth both play a role. Social hierarchy is more flexible as any one can rise to what is seen as higher society through the gaining of money, not through the class they were born into. Prejudice between the classes is seen when the shop assistants refuse to serve Vivian on Rodeo drive. However as the movie is aimed at the â€Å"all day average American† one typically of the middle class, mistreatment of wealth or greed is seen as a bad thing. Seen in the portrayal of Edwards work partner Stukie who because of his attempts to increase the size of his company and his unfaithfulness to his wife is seen as superficial and by  Edwards’s sad comment to Vivian: â€Å"we both screw people for money†. The audience instead sympathises with Vivian, who all though is of low class is still seen as the favoured character because of her personality. This demonstrates the modern disregard for social class, which is a value that has changed over the past one hundred years. The major observation that can be made of both texts and which demonstrates changing values over time is in the conclusion of each story. Shaw was determined to give Pygmalion an anti-romantic ending, meaning the play did not conclude as a romantic comedy should, with the main female and male characters falling in love. His reasoning is that Eliza has achieved independence and no longer wishes to be seen as Higgins belonging, as well as that â€Å"his relation to her is too godlike to be altogether agreeable†. This reflects not only Shaw’s strongly feministic views but the need for more equal gender relationships at the time and the publics preferred choice of a more believable conclusion over a romantic one. Popular thinking at the time believed that people married within their class and Higgins’s dismissal of love as a â€Å"life of the gutter† demolishes any dream-like romantic world. The conclusion of Pretty Woman was specifically designed to suit the mass market romantic comedy genre and to appeal to today’s romance obsessed society. The conclusion of Vivian and Edward falling in love and meeting symbolically half way in the fire escape is a typically â€Å"Hollywood† ending and highly unrealistic. To make the movie popular with a wide audience Marshall has created a fairytale ending when Vivian is â€Å"rescued by her prince† as she has always dreamed of. This constitutes the happy ending of a typical romantic comedy and reflects how today’s media has moulded society into having idealistic romantic perceptions. Both texts were popular culture of their time and thus reflect the common ideals and values of the context in which they were created. By studying the relationships between each text and their cultural context we can compare both texts to reveal the way certain views, in this case romanticism, the role of women and social classes, have changed over time.

Fences, August Wilson

As illustrative of the kind of analysis I would bring to Fences, by August Wilson, if my bid to direct is successful, O prose to take direction for a part of Act 1, Scene 3 of the play. This will include possible blocking, camera work, music, and what the actor should be feeling and experiencing while acting the part. I will examine how crucial it is that the actors portray their characters effectively, and I will offer commentary to assure just that.On the basis of these findings I will determine the function of this scene in the whole play and how the characters and ensuing events of play are necessarily different because of the presence of this scene and the manner in which its conflicts are resolved. To set the scene, Troy and Cory are debating with one another Cory’s goals and aspirations in life. It is Cory’s dream to play football, to receive a scholarship to play at North Carolina. In Troy’s eyes, his son is wasting his time.Using his experience and his p ast ventures in the sports world when he was younger, Troy has created this illusion that black men would never thrive and succeed in professional sports. He says, â€Å"The colored guy got to be as twice as good before he get on the team. That’s why I don’t want you to get all tied up in them sports†. Instead of pursuing a failed career, Troy wants Cory to work in the A&P and learn a trade such as fixing cars or building homes. Cory is in disbelief that his dad would deny his dreams and aspirations. TROY. You damn right you are!And ain’t no need for nobody coming around here to talk to me about singing nothing. *distraught, the feeling one should feel when a football game should have been won, when victory was imminent, but with seconds left the opposing team somehow pulls of a miracle play to win the game themselves. Cory should feel that his dreams are so close to beginning but in fact over because his dad refuses to support him* -camera zooms in on a distraught and shocked cory- CORY. (softly) Hey, Pop †¦ you can’t do that. He’s coming all the way from North Carolina. TROY. (almost chuckling, firm) I don’t care where he coming from. walks up to Cory and gets in his face, almost asserting himself directly, as to make a crucial point) The white man ain’t gonna let you get nowhere with that football no way. You go on and get your book-learning so you can work yourself up in that A&P or lean how to fix cars or build houses or something, get you a trade. That way you have something can’t nobody take away from you. You go on and learn how to put your hands to some good use. Besides hauling people’s garbage. -camera focuses right back to Cory’s face- CORY. (almost pleading) I get good grades, Pop. That’s why the recruiter wants to talk to with you.You got to keep up your grades to get recruited. This way I’ll be going to college. I’ll get a chance †¦ -camer a zooms out to capture Troy turning his back on Cory, doing something entirely irrelevant- *at this point the actor playing Troy should almost be done with arguing with Cory, so sure on his stance that any word coming out of Cory could never convince him letting his son play football. The actor should feel annoyed that the argument is still going, because he should feel that no more talking is necessary. What’s decided has been decided* TROY. (interrupting) First you gonna get your butt down there to the A&P and get your job back.CORY. (annoyed that his father is not understanding him) Mr. Stawicki done already hired somebody else cause I told him I was playing football. TROY. (stunned turns back around and confronts Cory) You a bigger fool that I thought †¦ to let somebody take away your job so you can play football. Where you gonna get your money to take out your girlfriend and whatnot? What kind of foolishness is that to let somebody take away your job? *Troy should f eel almost hopeless for Cory, that he feels like a bad father for letting his son think that it was okay for him to give up his job.For Troy, a job meant a steady income, the crucial number determining the future of life. For example, taking care of the family and girlfriend. Losing a job to someone else means to lose the meaning of life to Troy, and he feels disgusted his son has done this* CORY. (a bit naive) I’m still gonna be working weekends. TROY. (not having any of his son’s foolishness) Naw †¦ naw. You getting your butt out of here and finding you another job. CORY. (again, pleading) Come on, Pop! I got to practice. I can’t work after school and play football too. The team needs me. That’s what Coach Zellman say †¦ TROY. yelling, declaring himself the alpha male, making himself heard) –camera captures takes of Rose in the house, hearing him yelling- I don’t care what nobody else say. I’m the boss †¦ you understa nd? I’m the boss around here. I do the only saying what counts. CORY. Come on Pop! (throws hands up in extreme frustration) TROY. I asked you †¦ did you understand? CORY. Yeah †¦ TROY. What?! CORY. (a little defeated) Yessir. TROY. You go on down there to that A&P and see if you can get your job back. If you can’t do both †¦ then you quit the football team. You’ve go to take the crookeds with the straights. CORY. hurt) –camera holds still on Troy and Cory in the shot- *at this point, a full 5 second pause should be experienced, to set up Cory’s loaded question. He doesn’t understand why his father is treating him in this way, denying his hopes and dreams* Can I ask you a question? TROY. What the hell you wanna ask me? Mr. Stawicki the one you got the question for. CORY. (3 second pause, looks at Troy and scans him for attention) How come you ain’t never liked me? *Troy is a little taken back from this loaded question hi s son has proposed to him, but instead of feeling compassion, he starts to rant and start an outburst*TROY. (after another pause) Liked you? Who the hell say I got to like you? What law is there say I got to like you? Wanna stand up in my face and ask a damn fool-ass question like that. Talking about liking somebody. Come here, boy, when I talk to you. -camera shifts as Cory has begun to distance himself from his father, but snaps back into his father’s grip as he gravitates back toward Troy to listen to his rant. Cory should seem as he is starting to regret asking this question- TROY. Straighten up, god dammit! I asked you a question †¦ what law is there say I go to like you? CORY. coldly, as if one is responding to a monotonous interactive children’s TV show ) None. TROY. Well, all right then! Don’t you eat every day? (short pause, Troy does not mean to pose a rhetorical question, wants Cory to answer, but he does not) Answer me when I talk to you! Donâ⠂¬â„¢t you eat every day? CORY. (coldly, this time almost bitter and blunt) Yeah. TROY. (fed up with Cory’s disrespect and tone) Nigger, as long as you in my house, you put that sir on the end of it when you talk to me. CORY. (this time, a little mockingly) Yes†¦ sir. TROY. (hammering his point across into Cory’s head) You eat every day.CORY. (now in a marine like tone, but still mockingly, Troy does not pick up on it) Yessir! TROY. Got a roof over your head. CORY. Yessir! TROY. Got clothes on your back. CORY. (no marine tone, tired of the answering) Yessir. TROY. Why you think that is? CORY. Cause of you. TROY. Aw, hell I know it’s cause of me †¦ but why do you think that is? -camera views shot of a Troy ready to go off, almost guaranteeing explosion but still giving Cory a chance to answer a question with no correct answer. CORY. (knowing this, answers hesitantly) Cause you like me. *at this point, Troy has gone mad.He has had enough of his sonâ€⠄¢s foolishness and starts an outburst, ranting, but ranting with no real direction—ranting on emotion and impulse. The point the actor should send across to the audience is that Troy does not have any interest in his son other than assuring he lives with the right essentials—almost as if Cory was a burden, rather than a son. It should not be apparent that Troy actually knows and is processing the words that are coming out of his mouth. Any normal, levelheaded, morally sound father would and should never say what Troy would say next in his rant.In Troy’s mind, Cory is just a responsibility and a nuisance that he needs to take care of. * TROY. Like you? I go out of here every morning†¦ bust my butt.. putting up with them crackers every day†¦ cause I like you? You about the biggest fool I ever saw. (pause) It’s my job. It’s my responsibility! You understand that? A man goes to take care of his family†¦ Don’t you try and go throu gh life worrying about if somebody like you or not. You best be making sure they doing right by you. You understand what I’m saying boy? CORY. *Cory is stunned.His own father, has just told him that he does not love him or like him, or have to, for that matter. Cory, usually with something to say or argue with against his father, after this rant, has nothing left to say. Troy’s words has pierced him through his heart, and he realizes now that he no longer can convince his father to support him in his dreams. He can only respond with one word* Yessir. TROY. (adding insult to injury, giving no remorse for the words he has just spoken to towards his son) Then get the hell out of my face, and get on down to that A&P. end direction- On the basis of my findings and examinations of the scene, I believe the function of this scene shows the relationship of Troy and Cory, and how Cory begins to resent and reject his father more and more. Troy is visibly different, changing from the casual, joking, and laid-back drinking man on Friday nights, to a heartless and stout individual. It shows how his lack of love for his son may reflect on the lack of love for his wife Rose, as we find out later in the play Troy has in fact cheated on his wife.

Strategic Management of Ford Motor Company Essay

Strategic Management of Ford Motor Company - Essay Example The paper tells that one of the key challenges of firms operating in the modern market is to locate the resources required for the development of their activities. The recession of 2008 onwards has led firms in all industries to develop innovative strategies – aim to compete with their rivals and stabilize their position. The industries, which have already reached their higher level of growth, like the automotive industry, are expected to proceed to key strategic measures in order to ensure their survival. In the last two years, the performance of the automotive industry indicates that the specific industry has already reached a high level of performance – compared to the most industrial sectors worldwide. It is for this reason that most firms of the specific industry have started to report losses – which, in certain cases, are extremely high. However, the survival of the firms operating in the specific industry can be achieved through additional measures  œ such the ones developed by managers in Ford Motor Company. Ford was first established in 1903. Since then, the firm has managed to expand its activities at such point, that it is now considered as the third major competitor in the global automotive industry. The firm’s growth is highly based on its brands, which are well known in the global automotive market. On the other hand, the firm has managed to achieve a stable growth, a fact that indicates its ability to transform its strategies in order to meet the market trends. The performance of the firm during the first quarter has been encouraging – compared 2008 when the effects of the crisis on the organizational profitability were made clear. The firm’s external environment should reveal the changes that should be promoted across the organization aiming to ensure the stabilization of the firm’s performance. The major competitors of the firm in the context of the global market are General Motors, Chrysle r, and Toyota – after the bankruptcy of the two first companies, Toyota has been left as the main competitor of Ford.

PKG 381 assignment #1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PKG 381 #1 - Assignment Example Crisp vegetables were packed in sacks made of cotton and sisal and these are products which are recyclable (Guerrero 2013). They have longer lifespan and can be used again and again before disposal or recycling. When disposed, they decompose over a short period of time. Filtered water are mostly packed in plastic, these plastics take hundreds of years to break down when disposed and are also expensive to recycle. They pollute the environment widely and expose flora and fauna in danger. Plastics even cause death to animals which humans really depend on. Being difficult to recycle makes man to dispose them any how due to our laziness posing threat to our environment (Guerrero 2013). Pudding containers are also made of plastic though somehow light. Still, they threaten our environment since it’s a loss recycling them. They require good disposal but not dumping them anywhere since they take long to break down. Humans have the greatest part to play in the conservation of the environment. Their action determines our environment’s stability. Good practices should be put in place especially when it comes to products we use. There should be laws to help us manage our environment and avoid laziness (Guerrero 2013). With good practices towards environmental conservation, the organisms we depend on will be able to survive and in long run human life will be